student receives reinforcement.
MDRO EXAMPLE
B = Target behavior to decrease
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MDRO EXAMPLE
B = Target behavior to decrease
= Timer going off
R+ = Reinforcement
Momentary Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior
BBBAAABBB CCC BBABBAACCC B AA CC BB
R+
R+
R+
R+
?
?
Passage of Time
MDRO EXAMPLE
B = Target behavior to decrease
= Timer going off
R+ = Reinforcement
Momentary Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior
BBBAAABBB CCC BBABBAACCC B AA CC BB
R+
R+
R+
R+
x
R+
Passage of Time
WDRO EXAMPLE
B = Target behavior to decrease
R+ = Reinforcement
Whole Interval Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior
BBBAAAABBBCCCCAABABBAACCCBAACCCC
R+
R+
R+
?
?
Passage of Time
Intervals
WDRO EXAMPLE
B = Target behavior to decrease
R+ = Reinforcement
Whole Interval Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior
BBBAAAABBBCCCCAABABBAACCCBAACCCC
R+
R+
R+
R+
x
Passage of Time
Intervals
Guidelines for Using DRO
An interval of time is always set
Reinforce if target behavior WAS NOT emitted in the set time
Any occurrence causes a return to the beginning of the interval.
Cautions for using DRO:
Might reinforce a variety of other maladaptive behaviors
May create a behavioral vacuum
Is only effective if the reinforcer is powerful enough as a natural reinforcer
Breakout Session
Design an activity using DRO to weaken out of seat behavior in a student.
Specify if you are using MDRO or WDRO.
Differential Reinforcement
102
Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Behavior (DRL)
Reinforcement for each response following the preceding response by at least some minimum delay
Most effective with high rates of behaviors
Example: A student asks 15 questions during instruction. We can reduce this behavior by providing reinforcement for lower rates of the behavior. (e.g.
